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Your search for "e" found 13 matching terms. Click here to search again.

Term	Definition
Elastic Limit	The maximum stress that can be applied to a metal without producing permanent deformation. When external forces act upon a material they tend to form internal stresses within it which cause deformation. If the stresses are not too great the material will return to its original shape and dimension when the external stress is removed.
Elasticity	The property which enables a material to return to its original shape and dimension.
Electrical Steels	Steels which are characterised by their magnetic properties and are intended for the manufacture of electrical circuits. They are supplied in the form of cold rolled sheet or strip, generally less than 2mm thick and up to 1500mm wide. Grain orientated steels have preferential magnetic properties in the direction of rolling and non- grain orientated steels have similar magnetic properties both transversely and in the direction of rolling.
Electroslag Refining	A specialised steel making process in which a rolled or a cast ingot in the form of an electrode is remelted in a water cooled copper mould. The melting is activated by resistive heat generated in a conductive slag. The resulting product has a similar basic chemical composition to the original ingot, but is characterised by high purity and low inclusion content. Typical applications include high integrity components for the aerospace industry.
Elevated Temperature Drawing	A process of drawing steel bars at elevated temperatures (normally 250-300oC) which under optimum conditions produce steels that have higher tensile and yield strengths than those cold drawn with the same degree of reduction. The process is little used in the United Kingdom.
Elongation	A test to measure the ductility of steel. When a material is tested for tensile strength it elongates a certain amount before fracture takes place. The two pieces are placed together and the amount of extension is measured against marks made before starting the test and is expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length.
End Quench Test	More commonly referred to as Jominy Test it is used to determine the hardening ability of steel.
Equiaxed Crystals	Crystals, each of which has axes approximately equal in length. These are normally present in the centre of a steel ingot.
Equilibrium	A diagram constructed from thermal and other data showing the limits of composition and temperature within which the various constituents or phases of alloys are stable.
Etching	Treatment of a prepared metal surface with acid or other chemical reagent which, by differential attack, reveals the structure.
Eutectic	A mixture of two or more constituents which solidify simultaneously out of the liquid at a minimum freezing point.
Eutectoid	A mixture of two or more constituents which forms on cooling from a solid solution and transforms on heating at a constant minimum temperature. A eutectoid steel contains approximately 0.83% carbon.
Extrusion	The production of a section by forcing a billet to flow through a die. Often used for producing complex sections, the process is used with both hot and cold metal. Seamless tubes are produced by forcing a hot billet to flow through a die over a mandrel positioned centrally in the die.

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